Aglomeração, distanciamento social e uso de máscara: efeitos na percepção de risco e comportamento de afastamento no varejo

Edvan Cruz Aguiar, Jaiany Rocha Trindade, Manoela Costa Policarpo
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21529/RECADM.2023004

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Este artigo verificou como o uso da máscara modera o efeito da aglomeração na percepção de risco à saúde e influencia no comportamento de afastamento. Baseado na Teoria do Impacto Social, dois experimentos foram conduzidos. O primeiro (N = 179) verificou que os respondentes expostos à condição de uso de máscara obtiveram menor percepção de risco e menor comportamento de afastamento em comparação com o grupo exposto a situação sem uso de máscara. O segundo experimento (N = 94) evidenciou que um ambiente varejista sem distanciamento social apresenta respostas negativas no comportamento dos consumidores. Entretanto, o uso de máscara não apresentou efeito suficiente para moderar os impactos do distanciamento social no comportamento do consumidor. A pesquisa sugere que ambiente varejista não aglomerado, no qual há respeito às medidas de distanciamento social e uso de máscara, corresponde ao foco em que os gestores deste setor precisam centrar seus esforços objetivando tornar o ambiente varejista seguro na perspectiva do seu público-alvo, evitando comportamentos de afastamento. O estudo traz novas evidências que consubstanciam o papel do crowding no varejo, ao passo em que ajuda a compreender melhor a direção do efeito da aglomeração no contexto da Pandemia COVID-19. A inclusão do distanciamento social e do uso de máscara enquanto fatores capazes de explicar respostas do consumidor também se mostrou uma contribuição pertinente.


Palavras-chave

COVID-19; crowding; varejo; design de experimentos

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